Capacitor Coupled Substation State Space Formulation for Power Tapping and Power Injection Application

Volume 9, Issue 1, February 2024     |     PP. 27-44      |     PDF (1357 K)    |     Pub. Date: June 27, 2024
DOI: 10.54647/dee470360    32 Downloads     3975 Views  

Author(s)

Sinqobile Wiseman Nene, Department of Electrical Power Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, EMalahleni, Republic of South Africa

Abstract
This paper investigates the formulation of a State Space Model for a Capacitor Coupled Substation to facilitate power tapping and injection into an electrical transmission network. The primary objective is to establish a state space representation of the electrical system that can be used to simplify the modeling of complex multi-variable electrical circuits or systems. To achieve this, two equivalent circuits are developed: one for electrical power tapping and the other for electrical power injection into an electrical power transmission network. Typically employed for extracting power from high voltage transmission lines and converting it to medium voltage at the distribution level through coupling capacitors, Capacitor Coupled Substations can also be utilized for power injection from alternative electrical power sources, such as microgrids, with appropriate power flow control systems. Thus, the study develops generic state space matrices for both power tapping and injection scenarios. Overall, this research significantly contributes to the field of electrical engineering by providing valuable insights into the fundamental development of capacitor coupled substations state space system representation for electrical power tapping and significantly for electrical power injection into the electrical power transmission network. The findings hold relevance for further modeling and analysis of micro-grid embedded electricity systems.

Keywords
Capacitor-Coupled Substation, Transmission Line, Simulation, State Space, Electrical Power Injection, Electrical Power Tapping

Cite this paper
Sinqobile Wiseman Nene, Capacitor Coupled Substation State Space Formulation for Power Tapping and Power Injection Application , SCIREA Journal of Electrical Engineering. Volume 9, Issue 1, February 2024 | PP. 27-44. 10.54647/dee470360

References

[ 1 ] L. Bolduc, B. Bouchard and G. Beaulieu, "Capacitive divider substation," IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 1202-1209, 1997.
[ 2 ] M. J. Saulo, C. T. Gaunt and M. S. Mbogho, "Penetration level of Capacitor Coupling Sub-station on a power transmission network," in 2012 47th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), Uxbridge, 2012.
[ 3 ] M. J. Saulo, C. Gaunt and M. S. Mbogho, "Implication of Non-Conventional Rural Electrification Technologies on Electricity Distribution System Planning in Kenya: A Review," in 2011 46th International Universities' Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), Soest, 2011.
[ 4 ] S. W. Nene, B. T. Abe and A. F. Nnachi, "System modeling of the impact of multiple capacitor coupled substations located at different proximities on a transmission network," e-Prime - Advances in Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Energy, vol. 7, p. 1004841, 2024.
[ 5 ] S. W. Nene, B. T. Abe and A. F. Nnachi, "Modeling and Analysis of Multiple Capacitor Coupled Substations at Different Proximities," in 2023 31st Southern African Universities Power Engineering Conference (SAUPEC), Johannesburg, 2023.
[ 6 ] T. Martinez-Marin, "State-Space Formulation for Circuit Analysis," IEEE Transactions on Education, vol. 53, no. 3, pp. 497-503, 2010.
[ 7 ] M. Schilder, A. Britten, M. Mathebula and A. Singh, "Eskom experience with on-site field tests of a capacitive coupled substation," in 2005 IEEE Power Engineering Society Inaugural Conference and Exposition in Africa, Durban, 2005.
[ 8 ] M. Pal, "Voltage stability conditions considering load charecteristics," Transactions on Power System, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 243-249, 1992.
[ 9 ] S. Rajput, I. Amiel, M. Sitbon, I. Aharon and M. Averbukh, "Control the Voltage Instabilities of Distribution Lines using Capacitive Reactive Power," Energies, vol. 13, no. 4, p. 875, 2020.
[ 10 ] I. Amiel, S. Rajput and M. Averbukh, "Capacitive reactive power compensation to prevent voltage instabilities in distribution lines," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 131, p. 107043, 2021.
[ 11 ] S. L. Nilsson, A. R. d. M. Tenório, S. Sen, A. Taylor, S. Xu, G. Zhao, Q. Song and B. Lei, "Application Examples of the Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor," in Flexible AC Transmission Systems, Cham, Springer Nature, 2020, pp. 585-643.
[ 12 ] S. Nene, B. Abe and A. Nnachi, "Modeling and Simulation of a Transmission Line Response to a 400 kV/400V Capacitor Coupled Substation," Journal of Power and Energy Engineering, vol. 11, no. 12, pp. 1-14, 2023.
[ 13 ] C. Schiel, P. G. Lind and P. Maass, "Resilience of electricity grids against transmission line overloads under wind power injection at different nodes," Scientific Report, p. 11562, 2017.
[ 14 ] B. B. Adetokun, C. M. Muriithi and J. O. Ojo, "Voltage stability assessment and enhancement of power grid with increasing wind energy penetration," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 120, p. 105988, 2020.
[ 15 ] C. Venkateswarlu and R. R. Karri, "Linear filtering and observation techniques," in Optimal State Estimation for Process Monitoring, Fault Diagnosis and Control, Elsevier, 2022, pp. 21-57.
[ 16 ] E. Kuh and R. Rohrer, "The state-variable approach to network analysis," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 53, no. 7, pp. 672-686, 1965.
[ 17 ] C. Dufour, J. Mahseredjian and J. Bélanger, "A Combined State-Space Nodal Method for the Simulation of Power System Transients," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery , vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 928-935, 2011.
[ 18 ] O. Tosun and A. Dervisoglu, "Formulation of state equations in active RLC networks," IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 36-38, 1974.
[ 19 ] R. Hashemian, "State Space Analysis of Dynamic Systems and Circuits, Eigenvalues," International Journal of Mathematics, Game Theory, and Algebra, vol. 30, no. 2-3, pp. 63-95, 2021.
[ 20 ] D. S. B. Mishra and D. S. Alok, "Fundamentals of Research," in Handbook of Research Methodology, New Delhi, Educreation Publishing, 2022, p. 2.
[ 21 ] W. Keith and W. Heikkila, "Kirchoff's Laws," in Earth's Magnetosphere (Second Edition), Massechusetts, Academic Press, 2021, pp. 89 - 117.
[ 22 ] J. Simcak, M. Frivaldsky and M. Prazenica, "The Applicaiton for Systematic Formulation of State-Space Representation o Linear Circuits in the MATLAB Environment," in 2022 ELEKTRO (ELEKTRO), Krakow, 2022.
[ 23 ] V. Ignatenko, A. Yudintsev and D. Lyapunov, "Application of State-Space Method for Control System Analysis," in 2019 International Siberian Conference on Control and Communications (SIBCON), Tomsk, 2019.
[ 24 ] B. Friedland, "Dynamics of Linear Systems," in Control System Design: An Introduction to State-Space Methods, Mineola, Dover Publications Inc, 2012, pp. 58-88.
[ 25 ] M. Eskandari, L. Li, M. H. Moradi and P. Siano, "A nodal approach based state-space model of droop-based autonomous networked microgrids," Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 1-18, 2019.